Abject poverty is a key underlying factor in the violation of children's rights in Uganda. It increases the risk of neglect and exploitation contributing to under-nourishment, poor or no school enrolment /attendance, poor access to health care in general, to specialised care and rehabilitative services for children with disability. Social and cultural attitudes marginalise particularly women and girls and persons with disability. HIV/AIDS has overstretched the meagre resources of the extended family. Most families already have difficulties meeting the needs of their own children, they tend to exploit rather than help orphans taken into the family.